Chapter the endocrine system the endocrine system is made up of the hormone producing glands and tissues of the body. Neuroendocrine system gland found in the sella turcica of the brain. By mary green the endocrine system consists of a collection of glands that regulate a number of vital functions of our body. Objectives discuss the physiologic effects of insulin on carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, and identify those body cellstissues that most depend on insulin for providing glucose as the main metabolic fuel. Course hero has thousands of endocrine system study resources to help you. Endocrinology relationships between the endocrine and. Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products. Chemicals secreted by the glands of this system have effects on numerous organs of multiple systems and control or regulate various mechanisms of every other body system the major endocrine glands. However, unlike neurotransmitters, which are released in close proximity to cells with their receptors, hormones are secreted. Review common endocrine conditions that often present in the newborn and perinatal period. The endocrine system consists of a series of glands that produce chemical substances known as hormones. Drugs affecting the endocrine system lange smart charts. Datye, md, is a pgy3 resident in pediatrics, vanderbilt university school of medicine.
This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. In such cases, the substance may possess inherent hormonal activity and therefore act rather specifically on a particular target organ of the endocrine system. Erythropoietin is produced when oxygen levels in the blood are low. All the endocrine agents listed below are peptides, except for prolactininhibiting hormone. Endocrine, thyroid, molecular diagnosis, graves disease, diabetes. Insulin lispro humalog rapid acting within 15 min regular insulin humulin short, subq, iv only insulin that can be given iv insulin isophane nph intermediate. Drugs acting on the endocrine system flashcards quizlet. Hormone circulates in blood and acts at target organs where hormone receptor. Neurohormones synthesized in the hypothalamus reach the anterior pituitary adenohypophysis through a specialized portal vascular system and regulate synthesis and release of the 6 major peptide hormones of the anterior pituitary see figure the pituitary and its target organs. Treatment and management of common endocrine disorders open.
The presence of functioning tumours in more than one endocrine gland, commonly the pancreatic islets and parathyroid glands, which may be associated with zollingerellison syndrome. It acts in bone marrow to stimulate the production of mature red blood cells and to maintain. The endocrine system acts through the release generally into the blood of chemical agents and is vital to the proper development and function of organisms. Of course, you want relief from your anxiety and you can get that since anxiety is incredibly treatable but what you do not want to do is stop this system from occurring in general, because its an extremely important system for. Communicating within the body 63 the evolutionary foundations of the nervous system the complexities of the nervous system can be better understood if we take the course of evolution into consideration. Describe the common characteristics and functions of hormones.
These anterior pituitary hormones regulate peripheral endocrine glands the thyroid, adrenals, and gonads as well as growth and lactation. Endocrine system is a series of organs and glands in your body that secret chemical messengers called hormones in to your blood stream. The endocrine system works with the nervous system to regulate and integrate the processes of the body such as growth, development, reproduction, response to stress, and change of food into energy and body tissue. Drugs affecting the endocrine system pharmacology thyroid. To this day we have a serious lack of data in regards to this topic despite the fact that opioids both endogenous and exogenousevidently affect the endocrine system katz and mazer, 2009. There are many drugs that can be used to influence the endocrine system. Drugs acting on the endocrine system hypothalamic and pituitary agents pharmacokinetics for the most part, these drugs are absorbed slowly when given intramuscularly im, subcutaneously, or in depot form. Testing the functional integration of an endocrine system diagnostic. The endocrine system national institute on alcohol abuse and. They do not have ducts and hence they are called as ductless glands. Overview of the endocrine system endocrine and metabolic.
Ppt drugs acting on the endocrine system powerpoint. The multiple consequences of smoking, which reflect the endocrine system, depend on many factors, as the mode of tobacco consumption, on intensity of smoking, the duration of the addiction, on the. Find endocrine system course notes, answered questions, and endocrine system tutors 247. Home explore pharmacology drugs acting on endocrine system. A plethora of hormones regulate many of the bodys functions, including growth and development, metabolism, electrolyte. Somatostatin is released by delta cells and acts as an inhibitor of gh, insulin and glucagon. The endocrine system maintenance of internal homeostasis through the secretion of hormones endocrine glands make and release these endogenous substances to regulate. Chapter 48 nursing assessment endocrine system susan c. Both the nervous system and endocrine system perform this function in higher animals. Medications affecting the endocrine system part 1diabetes mellitus objectives. It does not include exocrine glands such as salivary glands, sweat glands and glands within the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, pth stimulates the conversion of vitamin. Several synthetic steroids and hormonally active substances are able to affect the endocrine system. Currently there are 3 recognized classes of injectable antihyperglycemics.
Hypothalamic hormones regulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones. Together with the nervous system, it is considered one the two long distance control systems of the body. Similarly, fsh acts on sertoli cells to drive the secretion of a protein hormone, inhibin b, which then travels via the bloodstream to the pituitary gland to suppress. Hormones act on nearby tissues or are carried in the bloodstream to act on specific target organs and distant tissues.
Here is a rundown of the endocrines glands that form this system and their functions. Overviewoverview endocrine system composed of hormonereleasing organs such as the. Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 4 may 2020, cerner multum updated 4 may 2020, wolters kluwer updated. Pth acts on bone, the kidneys, and the gi tract to increase calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with.
Endocrine glands are the glands of endocrine system which normally secrete special products called hormones directly into the blood 14. Endocrine drugs, hormones andendocrine drugs, hormones and related compoundsrelated compounds 2. Evaluate changes in weight, particularly increase in weight in the adult and decrease in weight in the child. It does not include exocrine glands such as salivary glands, sweat glands and glands within the gastrointestinal tract subcategories. Pharmacology of the endocrine system proprofs quiz. They tend to have very long halflives of days to weeks, metabolism is not. Apr 29, 2008 comparison of insulin peak action 1020 hrs 48 hrs ultralente long acting 68 hrs to 12 hrs 1. Adrenal hormones glucocorticoids mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects.
Chemicals secreted by the glands of this system have effects on numerous organs of multiple systems and control or regulate various mechanisms of every other body system. Landis nobody can go back and start a new beginning, but anyone can start today and make a new ending. Endocrine glands send chemical signal molecules around the body to communicate information. Objectives discuss the physiologic effects of insulin on carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, and identify those body cellstissues that most depend on insulin. Organs which are affected by a hormone are called target organs. Drugs used to treat endocrine disorders pharmacology.
The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of the. The glands of the endocrine system secrete hormones to regulate normal body functions. In fact the hypothalamus, a part of the nervous system, and the pituitary gland, a. Treatment and management of common endocrine disorders. Module 6 the nervous system and the endocrine system. Adrenal hormones glucocorticoids mechanism of action. Drugs acting on the endocrine system by kathrine kaye. Drugs acting on the endocrine system ali jaber, ph. What drugs can cause complications endocrine exocrine. Endocrine system drugs created by the njardarson group the university of arizona. This drug combats acromegaly by acting as somatostain, a growth hormone release inhibiting factor. Pharmacology of the endocrine system 2 in clinical practice, hormones and hormonelike drugs, are mainly used for.
Hormones are chemicals which circulate through the blood sometimes special ducts and control the workings of organs and tissues in the body. Consider the thyroid gland, an important part of this system. Sweat glands, saliva, and mammary glands are all parts of the exocrine system. Inhibits osteoclast activity, reduces bone reabsorption. This chapter describes drugs used for hormonal replacement and for inhibition of hormonal secretion from the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands. The endocrine system consists of a collection of glands that regulate a number of vital functions of our body. Drugs acting on the endocrine system thyroid glands. More endocrine system quizzes learn about endocrine system quiz. When an electrical signal in the form of an action potential arrives at the synaptic terminal, they diffuse across the synaptic.
All of these glands coordinate with each other in order to regulate various life processes. System nursing 3703 pharmacology by linda self hypothalamic, pituitary, parathyroid, and adrenal hormones hypothalamus secretes releasing hormones affecting both the anterior and posterior pituitary posterior pituitary secretes adh and oxytocinadh conserves water, oxytocin functions in childbirth and lactation anterior pituitary hormones and target tissues 1. The hypothalamus serves as the interface between the nervous system and the endocrine system, and it controls the secretions of the pituitary. The endocrine system is a control system of ductless endocrine glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones that circulate within the body via the bloodstream to affect distant organs. The endocrine system secretes these substances inside the body to regulate metabolism, fertility, the fightorflight response, and cell growth, among other responsibilities. Like neurotransmitters, hormones are chemical messengers that must bind to a receptor in order to send their signal.
The nervous system acts by using a rapid, short lived response while the endocrine system produces a slow, longer response. Insulin lispro humalog, insulin aspart novolog, insulin glulisin apidra 0. Evaluate reflexes and neuromuscular response to stimuli. This category has the following 18 subcategories, out of 18 total. Questions on diabetes type 1 and 2, adh insufficiency, adrenal disorders, thyroid disorders, reproductive treatments, and more. The endocrine system and control this entire system is not something you can or want to specifically control. A plethora of hormones regulate many of the bodys functions, including growth and development, metabolism, electrolyte balances, and reproduction. The exocrine system works similarly, but secretes substances outside the body. Medications affecting the endocrine syst authorstream. The way the endocrine system works is by releasing chemical messengers called hormones into the blood. Effects of drugs on the endocrine system springerlink. The pituitary serves as the master gland, controlling the secretions of all other glands. Drugs acting on the endocrine system is the property of its rightful owner. The endocrine system is probably the least understood body system.
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